It was a fictional rendering of Joyce’s youth, but he eventually grew frustrated with its direction and abandoned this work. He decided, on his 22nd birthday, to revise the story into a novel he called Stephen Hero. On 7 January 1904, Joyce attempted to publish A Portrait of the Artist, an essay-story dealing with aesthetics, only to have it rejected by the free-thinking magazine Dana. His other writings include three books of poetry, a play, his published letters and occasional journalism. Other well-known works are the short-story collection Dubliners (1914), and the novels A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (1916) and Finnegans Wake (1939). Joyce is best known for Ulysses (1922), a landmark work in which the episodes of Homer’s Odyssey are paralleled in a variety of literary styles, most famously stream of consciousness. He contributed to the modernistavant-garde movement and is regarded as one of the most influential and important writers of the 20th century. James Augustine Aloysius Joyce ( 1882 – 1941) was an Irish novelist, short story writer, poet, teacher, and literary critic.
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